Coal breaker



June 8, 1943. Q A, JAMlsQN 2,321,027

COAL BREAKER Filed Aug. 3, 1940 5 Sheets-Sheet l A/ljlllallwllllll llllll 20 a 20 j l [uuml zo(a 25T Il! Jo June 8, 1943. c. A. JAMIS'QN coALBREAKER Filed Aug. s, 1940 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 June s; 1943. A JAM,SON 2,321,027

COAL BREAKER Filed Aug. 3, 1940 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Patented June 8, 1943 COAL BREAKER Charles A. Jamison, Philadelphia, Pa., assignor to Pennsylvania Crusher Company, New York, N. Y., a corporation of New York Application August 3, 1940, serial No. 350,434

(ci. ca -52) 2 Claims.

My invention relates to structures for breaking coal and similar friable material, of the type, for instance, as that disclosed in the patent to Borton and Hiller, No. 1,086,129. Y

These breaking structures comprise rotating drums with apertured walls, into which drums the coal or other friable material is introduced at one end; such drums having lifting shelves whereby the material introduced may be raised and then permitted to drop and break. In this operation the smaller pieces pass through the openings in the Wall of the drum and the larger masses are again raised and permitted to drop until all of the friable material has been broken to a size that will pass through the openings in the drum wall; any refuse or foreign unbreakable substance passing through the end of drum opposite the inlet. In order that the material may be gradually fed forward as it is being lifted, the inner wall of the drum is usually provided with a series of deflecting blades which eifect feed of the coal or other material longitudinally of the drum as the latter is rotated.

One object of my invention is to provide an improved form of end structures for the drums of these coal breakers.

And a further object of my invention is to provide an end structure made up of a rim or annulus in the form of a truncated cone, with a central hub for the reception of a shaft or trunnion, and hollow arms of special shape or contour integrally connecting such hub with the rim or annulus.

These and other features of my invention are more fully set forth hereinafter; reference being had to the accompanying drawings, more or less diagrammatic in character, in which:

Figure 1 is a view in elevation, partly broken away, of one form of an improved end structure for coal breakers within the scope of my invention.

Fig. 2 is a sectional View on the line II-II, Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a sectional view on the line III-III, Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a sectional view, similar' to Fig. 3, illustrating a modified detail within the scope of my invention.

Fig. 5 is a View, similar to Fig. 1, illustrating another form of end structure Within the scope of of hollow arm which I may employ.

The improved end structure forming the subject of my invention may be disposed at one or both ends of the crushing drum, and it .will be understood that while I have illustrated and described a single structure, located at one end of a drum, both ends of the drum may be similarly equipped.

My improved end structure may be in the form of an integral member and comprises a rim or annulus IIJ in the form of a truncated cone, with an annular, outwardly extending flange II, to which the longitudinal beams I2 making up the drum frame are secured as by the bolts I3; such beams supporting apertured plates I4 forming the Wall of the drum. In addition, the ange II may receive gear sections I5 which serve as the means whereby motion may be imparted to the drum, and these gear sections may be secured in place by the bolts I3 securing the end structure to the longitudinal beams.

Centrally of the end structure I provide a hub I6, for the reception of a shaft or trunnion, depending upon the particular form of support or mounting for the breaker drum with which my improved end structure is associated. Connecting the hub IB and the rim or annulus I0 are a series of hollow arms 20 o f suitable number; three being shown in the form of structure illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2. These hollow arms may have a substantially triangular cross sectional contour of the form illustrated in section in Fig.

. 3, wherein it will be observed that such arm has a relatively flat-surfaced wall 2lia at the outer or front side, and what may be termed side walls 2l)b extending from the front wall 2lia and tapering inwardly and meeting, preferably with a rounded contour, as indicated at 20C. The junctions of the front wall 20a with the walls 2lib are preferably rounded, as indicated at 20d. Adjacent the hub I6, the outer walls 20a of the hollow arms are preferably connected by llets IBB'. These hollow arms ZIJ are preferably cast integrally with the rest vof the end structure, and the annulus III and the hub I6 are provided with openings a opposite the hollow space of the arms and at each end of the same for the discharge of core sand after the cast structure has been taken from the mold.

The rim or annulus lll is in the form of a truncated cone with an outwardly extending annular ange Il at its largest diameter and the inner rounded surfaces of the arms, indicated at 20, lie substantially in the plane of the inner surface of this'ange. In the form of structure illustrated in Figs. l, 2 and 3, the arms 20 are illustrated as having parallel walls and in the same spaced relation with respect to each other. The surface of the outer walls 20a of the arms, at least at the points where they join the rim or annulus I0, are set inwardly a suiiicient distance to permit a feeding chute (shown at .7: in broken lines) to lie just inside the smaller diameter of the rim or annulus I to insure proper delivery of coal or other material to the drum. The shape of the arms is such that the coal readily finds its way into the drum and by reason of the inward taper or streamlining of the arms, such material quickly passes to the interior of the rotating drum. Additionally, the outer and wider portion of the arms, with their substantially flat wall surfaces 2l)a provide means that tends to plow the material into the drum.

I have illustrated in Figs. 4 and l1, modified cross-sectional contours of the hollow arms. In the form of hollow arm shown in Fig. 4, the outer or front surface of the same is rounded as indicated at 20x; such rounded portion blending with the walls 2Gb which, in turn, are joined by the rounded portion 2lic as in the form of hollow arm indicated in Fig. 5. This cross-sectional contour is such as to readily relieve the entering material; offering no obstruction to its free entrance into the break-drum and at the same time the inner and substantially wedge-shaped portions of the hollow arms act as; a series of plows.

In Fig. 11 I have shown a slightly modified form of hollow arm which, while it is generally of triangular shape, has those walls, which may be termed side walls, slightly concaved. This form of arm., indicated generally at 200, has the front or outer wall 200ab with a flat surface as in the other forms of hollow arms illustrated, but the side walls which join at the inner rounded contour 200C, are slightly concaved as indicated at 290e. Such form of arm provides the substantially wedge-shaped contour inwardly of the y front nat face to function as a plow in moving material into the drum, and the concaved side walls serve as additional strengthening means for the arms.

It is within the scope of my invention to provide the end structures with hollow arms which have tapering walls, and in Figs. 5 and 6 I have shown a form of end structure in which the hollow arms, indicated at 25, have their outer or front walls 25a tapering or inclined from their connection with the hub toward the rim or annulus I0 in the manner more particularly illustrated in Fig. 6, while at the same time the side walls 25b also taper from the hub outwardly toward each other to their points of connection with the rim or annulus I0, as shown in Fig. 5. A cross-sectional view of one of the hollow arms 25 is shown in Fig. 7. In all other respects, the form of end structure illustrated in Figsy, 6 and '7, with its hollow arms 25, is substantially the same as the construction illustrated in'Figs. 1, 2

yand 3; the inner edges of the hollow arm walls 25b joining `at the inner rounded contour 25C and the junctions-of the outer or front wall 25a with the walls 25b are` also rounded asindicated at d. In like manner, the front or outer walls 25a of the hollow arms are connected by llets |61.

In the forms of end structures illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2, and Figs. 5 and 6, I have shown a series of three hollow arms connecting the hub I6 with the annulus or rim IB, and this number will be sufficient for manyof the smaller size breaker drums having a diameter approximately of ten feet or less. end structure is employed with breaker drums of larger diameter it may be desirable to increase the number of arms, and in Figs. 8, 9 and 10, I have shown a form of end structure in which four Vhollow arms are employed. While these hollow arms are illustrated in these views as having parallel walls spaced apart at equal distances throughout their extent, it will be understood that in the four-arm construction I may employ the tapered arm construction illustrated in Figs. 5 and 6. It will also be understood that in lieu of employing hollow arms having a substantially vtriangular cross-sectional contour, as illustrated in Figs. 3 and 7, the hollow arms of the type of structure shown in Figs. 8, 9 and 10, may have a cross-sectional contour such as illustrated in Figs. 4 and 11.

The hollow arms illustrated in Figs. 8, 9 and 10 and indicated at 3D, have their outer or front wall surfaces :l0ad in a single plane, and such walls have connecting llets |62. The walls 3Ua join the side walls h, which taper inwardly in substantially wedge-form, with rounded contours 30d, as in the other forms of the hollow arm construction, and the point of connection of said walls 3Db is rounded at 30, as in hollow arm constructions illustrated in Figs. 1, 2, 5 and 6.

While I have illustrated forms of end structures for the drums of breaker structures With three arms and four arms; each of hollow construction, it is within the scope of my invention to employ end structures having a pair of arms in radial alignment, and such construction is available for use with breaker drums of small size. In any two-arm form of end structure, the hollow arms will be of the same character as the forms of hollow arms hereinbefore described, including the type shown in Figs. 4 and 11, as well as the tapered forms of hollow arms shown in Figs. 5 and 6.

While I prefer to employ an integral type of end structure With the rim or annulus and the hub with the hollow connecting arms in the form of a single casting, it is within the scope of my invention to modify this construction. Thus, the rim or annulus may be a separate structure, cast, or built up of sheet metal suitably joined as by welding, and the hollow arms With the hub cast as a separate member--either the three-arm construction or the four-arm construction and in some instances a two-arm construction-and to join the outer ends of the hollow arms, as by welding, to the inner beveled face of the annulus or rim having the truncated conical contour.

It will be noted that the long axis of each holface or inlet end of the breaker drum is parallel low arm section measured vertically to the feed with the axis of the breaker drum. This feature permits the breaker drum to run in either direction and, accordingly, does not impose any problem in production in respect to carrying-these end structures in stock for application to breaker drums of any length. It is possible thereforeto use an end structure of my improved construction from stock for any length of breaker drum When my improved form ofn regardless of the direction of rotation of the breaker drum When'in use.

It will be understood of course that while I have shown certain specific embodiments of my invention, it is not limited to the precise constructional-details set forth and includes such changes and/or modifications as may be made within the scope of the appended claims.

I claim:

l. The combination, in a coal breaker of the rotary drum type, of a breaker drum, and an end structure therefor comprising a rim or annulus in the form of a truncated cone with its dimension of greater diameter disposed adjacent to the end of the breaker drum and secured thereto, a central hub, and a plurality of hollow arms with narrow wall surfaces substantially triangular in cross sectional contour connecting said hub with the rim; said arms being set inwardly with respect to the lesser diameter of the rim with their narrow wall surfaces inwardly thereof and disposed substantially in the plane of the connection of said end structure with the breaker drum.

2. The combination, in a coal breaker of the rotary drum type, of a breaker drum, and an end structure therefor, comprising an annulus or rim in the form of a truncated cone with its dimension of greater diameter adjacent to the end of the breaker drum and secured thereto, a central hub, and a plurality of hollow arms substantially triangular in cross sectional contour connecting the hub with said rim; said arms having a substantially at outer face or wall with flanking side walls tapering inwardly of said outer face and being set inwardly with respect to the dimension of lesser diameter of the rim with their narrow wall surfaces inwardly thereof and disposed substantially in the plane of the connection of said end structure with the breaker drum.

CHARLES A. JAMISON. 

